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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0044-4677</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5316</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">652004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0044467723060035</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BBRFDQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) &#13;
ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PROLONGATION OF STIMULUS REPRESENTATION IN THE BRAIN AS A PROBABLE MECHANISM OF ASSOCIATIVE PLASTICITY IMPLEMENTATION DURING SEMANTIC LEARNING</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Продление мозговой активации в ответ на стимул как вероятный механизм ассоциативной пластичности при семантическом научении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyshev</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышев</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>b_chernysh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>b_chernysh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rytikova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рытикова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>b_chernysh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Butorina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буторина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>b_chernysh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stroganova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строганова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>b_chernysh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Center of Neurocognitive Research (MEG-center), 
Moscow State University of Psychology and Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр нейрокогнитивных исследований (МЭГ-центр), 
Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кафедра высшей нервной деятельности, 
Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Psychology, National research university Higher School of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Департамент психологии, Национальный исследовательский университет 
Высшая школа экономики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр нейробиологии и нейрореабилитации, Сколковский институт науки и технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>73</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>764</fpage><lpage>784</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Б.В. Чернышев, А.А. Павлова, А.М. Рытикова, А.В. Буторина, Т.А. Строганова</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Б.В. Чернышев, А.А. Павлова, А.М. Рытикова, А.В. Буторина, Т.А. Строганова</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Б.В. Чернышев, А.А. Павлова, А.М. Рытикова, А.В. Буторина, Т.А. Строганова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Б.В. Чернышев, А.А. Павлова, А.М. Рытикова, А.В. Буторина, Т.А. Строганова</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/652004">https://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/652004</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45257551432080">It is believed that memorization of the meaning of new words occurs due to associative learning. For example, it may be matching of a word to the corresponding motor act. Synaptic plasticity in the brain develops on condition that activity of cell ensembles representing the associated events coincides in time – however, in reality, during the development of such associations, a significant time gap between the associated events is likely, which compromises necessary conditions for synaptic plasticity. We hypothesized that conditions for the development of synaptic plasticity may be created by way of prolongation in the activity of neuronal representations, thus providing for the required overlap in time at the level of neuronal ensembles. To test this assumption, we recorded magnetoencephalogram in volunteers during acquisition of associations between pseudowords and movements by four limbs. The results of the study show that there indeed occurs a significant prolongation of stimulus-induced auditory speech activation during the development of new associations. Thus, during the development of the association in the brain, the necessary conditions for Hebbian plasticity can be created – even if the events being associated are separated in time.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45257551431552">Считается, что запоминание смысла новых слов речи происходит благодаря ассоциативному обучению. Например, именно так слова, обозначающие движения, могут сопоставляться с соответствующими моторными актами. Известно, что синаптическая пластичность в мозге развивается при условии совпадения во времени активности клеточных ансамблей, репрезентирующих ассоциируемые события. Однако в реальности при выработке подобных ассоциаций возможен значительный разрыв во времени между ассоциируемыми событиями, нарушающий условия возникновения синаптической пластичности. Мы предположили, что необходимые условия для развития синаптической пластичности в мозге могут создаваться благодаря тому, что активность нейронных репрезентаций продлевается во времени, и тем самым обеспечивается требуемое перекрытие во времени на уровне нейронных ансамблей. Чтобы проверить это предположение, мы регистрировали магнитоэнцефалограмму у добровольных участников во время выработки ассоциаций между псевдословами и движениями четырьмя конечностями. Результаты исследования показывают, что при выработке новых ассоциаций действительно происходит значимое удлинение слухоречевой активации, вызванной стимулом. Таким образом, во время выработки ассоциации в мозге действительно могут создаваться условия для развития Хеббовской пластичности, даже если ассоциируемые события разнесены во времени.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>associative learning</kwd><kwd>reinforcement learning</kwd><kwd>memory</kwd><kwd>action words</kwd><kwd>evoked fields</kwd><kwd>magnetoencephalography</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ассоциативное обучение</kwd><kwd>обучение с подкреплением</kwd><kwd>память</kwd><kwd>слова связанные с действиями</kwd><kwd>вызванные поля</kwd><kwd>магнитоэнцефалография</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Разоренова А.М., Скавронская В.В., Тюленев Н.Б., Рытикова А.М., Чернышев Б.В. Может ли научение новым словам в слуховой модальности вести к быстрому формированию пластических перестроек в коре больших полушарий у взрослых? 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