I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityI.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityЖурнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова0044-46773034-5316The Russian Academy of Sciences65201610.31857/S0044467723050064LKIMBAФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАPUPILLOMETRY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF EMOTIONAL STATE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN HUMANПупиллометрия в оценке психоэмоционального состояния и когнитивных функций человекаKutlubaevM. A.КутлубаевМ. А.mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.comShagievaD. R.ШагиеваД. Р.mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.comKarimovaG. I.КаримоваГ. И.mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.comIzmalkovaA. I.ИзмалковаА. И.mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.comMyachikovA. V.МячиковА. В.mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.comDepartment of Neurology Bashkir State Medical UniversityКафедра неврологии Башкирского государственного медицинского университетаInstitute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher school of economicsИнститут когнитивных нейронаук, Национальный исследовательский университет Высшая школа экономикиNorthumbria University, Newcastle upon TyneНортумбрийский университет0109202373565166502022025Copyright ©; 2023, М.А. Кутлубаев, Д.Р. Шагиева, Г.И. Каримова, А.И. Измалкова, А.В. МячиковCopyright ©; 2023, М.А. Кутлубаев, Д.Р. Шагиева, Г.И. Каримова, А.И. Измалкова, А.В. Мячиков2023М.А. Кутлубаев, Д.Р. Шагиева, Г.И. Каримова, А.И. Измалкова, А.В. МячиковМ.А. Кутлубаев, Д.Р. Шагиева, Г.И. Каримова, А.И. Измалкова, А.В. Мячиковhttps://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/652016

Pupillometry is a method allowing quantitative assessment of the pupil diameter. The size of the pupil is regulated by the structures of autonomic nervous system (nuclei of the oculomotor nerve, ciliospinal center) and related to the ambient lighting. However, overlying structures of the brain, in particular cortex, via locus coeruleus, upper colliculi of quadrigeminal bodies modulate the pupillary response regardless ambient lighting condition. Thus the baseline diameter of the pupil and its changes associated with certain tasks could be used for the objective assessment of the emotional state and cognitive functions in a human. There are data showing the changes in the pupillary response in patients with autism spectrum disorder, depression as well as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and other organic disorders of the brain. More research in pupillometry is needed to identify new areas for its use.

Пупиллометрия – метод, позволяющий провести количественную оценку диаметра зрачка. Регуляция величины зрачка осуществляется структурами вегетативной нервной системы (ядра глазодвигательного нерва, цилиоспинальный центр) и связана со степенью освещенности. Однако вышележащие структуры головного мозга, в частности кора, через голубое пятно, претектальные оливарные ядра, верхние холмики четверохолмия оказывают модулирующее влияние на зрачковые реакции, не связанное с освещением. В связи с этим исходный диаметр зрачка и его изменения, связанные с выполнением определенных заданий, могут быть использованы для объективной оценки психоэмоционального состояния и когнитивных функций человека. Имеются данные об изменениях зрачковых реакций при расстройствах аутистического спектра, депрессии, а также при болезни Альцгеймера, болезни Паркинсона и других органических заболеваниях головного мозга. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования методики пупиллометрии для определения новых областей ее применения.

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