I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityI.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityЖурнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова0044-46773034-5316The Russian Academy of Sciences65203810.31857/S0044467723030085TTEUNRФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАОСОБЕННОСТИ ГЛАЗОДВИГАТЕЛЬНЫХ РЕАКЦИЙ У ВЫСОКОТРЕВОЖНЫХ ДОБРОВОЛЬЦЕВ С РАЗНЫМ УРОВНЕМ ИМПУЛЬСИВНОСТИ ПРИ РЕШЕНИИ РАЗНЫХ ВАРИАНТОВ АНТИСАККАДНОЙ ЗАДАЧИFeatures of oculomotor reactions in highly anxious volunteers with different level of impulsity in solving different types of the anti-saccade taskKhayrullinaG. M.ХайруллинаГ. М.guzalkhayr@gmail.comPanfilovaE. A.ПанфиловаЕ. А.guzalkhayr@gmail.comMartynovaO. V.МартыноваО. В.guzalkhayr@gmail.comInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RASИнститут высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАНNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsВысшая школа экономики0105202373341142402022025Copyright ©; 2023, G.M. Khayrullina, E.A. Panfilova, O.V. MartynovaCopyright ©; 2023, G.M. Khayrullina, E.A. Panfilova, O.V. Martynova2023G.M. Khayrullina, E.A. Panfilova, O.V. MartynovaG.M. Khayrullina, E.A. Panfilova, O.V. Martynovahttps://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/652038

Введение.

В зависимости от уровня импульсивности лица с повышенной тревожностью по-разному реагируют на задачи, требующие тормозного контроля. Антисаккадная задача является одним из психофизиологических подходов к оценке зрительного внимания и тормозного контроля. Это исследование было направлено на проверку гипотезы о том, что люди с высоким уровнем импульсивности и тревожности будут иметь разные модели движения глаз в задаче на антисаккады по сравнению с людьми с высокой тревожностью и низким уровнем импульсивности. Метод. В исследовании двадцать добровольцев с высоким уровнем тревожности и низким уровнем импульсивности и четырнадцать человек с высоким уровнем тревожности и импульсивности выполняли антисаккадные задачи в трех блоках, которые отличались способами разделения по времени появления целевого стимула (step, overlap, gap) с фиксационными и целевыми стимулами негативной, позитивной и нейтральной модальностей. Глазодвигательные паттерны записывались методом айтрекинга. Результаты. Значительные различия наблюдались между группами в латентности регулярных ошибок в overlap-последовательности и в амплитуде регулярных ошибок в gap-последовательности. Лица с высокой тревожностью и высокой импульсивностью совершали регулярные ошибки с большей латентностью в overlap-блоке и с меньшей амплитудой в gap-блоке только на нейтральные стимулы. Заключение. Наши результаты показывают, что различные схемы антисаккадной задачи способны выявлять специфические паттерны движений глаз, связанные с переключением внимания и тормозным контролем при импульсивном поведении.

Introduction.

Impulsivity, manifested in the difficulty of suppressing certain actions, is often associated with increased anxiety. Depending on the level of impulsivity, individuals with higher anxiety react differently to tasks requiring inhibitory control. The anti-saccade task is one of the psychophysiological approaches to assessing visual attention and inhibitory control. This study aimed to test a hypothesis that individuals with high levels of impulsivity and anxiety would have different eye movement patterns in the anti-saccade task compared to highly anxious individuals with low levels of impulsivity. Methods. Twenty volunteers with low impulsivity and fourteen volunteers with higher impulsivity performed 3 blocks of anti-saccade tasks, differing in the effect of Step, Gap, and Overlap with fixation and target stimuli of negative, positive, and neutral emotional valence. All participants had increased trait and state anxiety. The eye-movement patterns were recorded using an eye-tracking method. Results. Significant differences were observed between groups in the regular error mean latency in the Overlap block and the regular error mean amplitude in the Gap block. The Overlap effect caused longer latencies of erroneous saccades while the Gap effect produced lower amplitudes of erroneous saccades in the group with increased trait impulsivity in the tasks where neutral stimuli were used either as fixation or target stimuli. Conclusion. Our findings imply that different designs of the anti-saccade task are able to reveal specific patterns of eye movements associated with attention switching and inhibitory control in impulsive behavior.

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