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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0044-4677</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5316</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">652091</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0044467724030061</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ: &#13;
ВОСПРИЯТИЕ ВНЕШНИХ СТИМУЛОВ, ДВИГАТЕЛЬНАЯ &#13;
АКТИВНОСТЬ, ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ПАМЯТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ: ВОСПРИЯТИЕ ВНЕШНИХ СТИМУЛОВ, ДВИГАТЕЛЬНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ, ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ПАМЯТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Does the selection of fox for their reactions to humans affect the decision-making during learning?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияет ли длительный отбор по реакциям на человека на особенности процесса принятия решения у лисиц при научении?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamedshina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедшина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>aden_66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharlamova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харламова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kharlam@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение “Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук” (ИЦиГ СО РАН)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>74</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>324</fpage><lpage>335</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/652091">https://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/652091</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In foxes selectively bred by IC&amp;G SB RAS for domestication or aggressive behavior toward humans, the behavior was analyzed. We have used the foxes not selected for behavior features as a control. Control foxes also were bred on experimental farm of IC&amp;G SB RAS. The peculiarities of explorative activities of foxes toward new objects, introduced inside the domestic cage, as well as behavioral features during attenuation of focused attention on the object of food reinforcement are discussed in the paper. Domesticated foxes demonstrated less neofobia during experiments then aggressive and unselected ones. On the other hand, the explorative behavior of tame foxes was characterized by a greater variability of motor reactions compared to aggressive and unselected ones. In the test for attenuation of focused attention, tame foxes used a greater number of different actions compared to other studied groups. Fox cubs from the domesticated population, placed in a new environment for the first time, found various ways go through obstacles when following a person. Based on these results we discuss the peculiarities of the decision-making in foxes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящей работе исследовалось поведение лисиц, прошедших длительный отбор на экспериментальной базе ИЦиГ СО РАН в двух контрастных направлениях – на доместикационное и агрессивное поведение по отношению к человеку. В качестве контроля нами были использованы неселекционируемые по поведению лисицы, разводимые на экспериментальной базе ИЦиГ СО РАН. Обсуждаются особенности исследовательской активности лисиц при предъявлении им нового объекта, помещенного в домашнюю клетку, а также поведение лисиц в тесте на угашение навыка фокусировки взгляда на источнике пищевого подкрепления. Доместицированные лисицы оказались менее склонны к неофобии по сравнению с другими протестированными нами группами. Исследовательская активность ручных лисиц отличалась большим разнообразием моторных реакций по сравнению с агрессивными и неселекционируемыми. В тесте на угашение навыка фокусировки взгляда ручные лисицы использовали большее количество различных действий по сравнению с другими исследованными группами. При помещении в новую обстановку лисята из доместицируемой популяции находили разнообразные способы преодоления преграды в процессе следования за человеком. На основе этих данных обсуждаются особенности процесса принятия решения у лисиц.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>domestication</kwd><kwd>aggressiveness</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>foxes</kwd><kwd>motor diversity</kwd><kwd>cognitive abilities</kwd><kwd>making decision process</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доместикация</kwd><kwd>агрессивность</kwd><kwd>отбор</kwd><kwd>лисицы</kwd><kwd>вариативность поведения</kwd><kwd>когнитивные способности</kwd><kwd>процесс принятия решения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>21-44-04405</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Беляев Д.К. 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