I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityI.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityЖурнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова0044-46773034-5316The Russian Academy of Sciences68278710.31857/S0044467725010047ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАResearch ArticleNeural correlates of solving arithmetic problems in adultsНейронные корреляты решения арифметических задач у взрослыхIstominaA. V.ИстоминаА. В.
Russian Federation
avistomona@hse.ruFaberA. Yu.ФаберА. Ю.
Russian Federation
avistomona@hse.ruManzhurtsevA. V.МанжурцевА. В.
Russian Federation
avistomona@hse.ruUblinskyM. V.УблинскийМ. В.
Russian Federation
avistomona@hse.ruArsalidouM.АрсалидуM.
Canada
avistomona@hse.ruHSE UniversityНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»Clinical and Research Institute of Emerency Pediatric Surgery and TraumaНИИ неотложной детской хирургии и травматологииYork UniversityЙоркский университетNeuroPsyLab15012025751315304062025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/682787

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was conducted during the mental calculation of tasks involving basic arithmetic operations at three difficulty levels. During the solving of arithmetic problems involving subtraction, multiplication, and division at the easy level, brain activity was observed in the left inferior parietal lobule and left angular gyrus, which may reflect the memory retrieval from long-term memory. Additionally, activity was detected in the left inferior frontal gyrus during division, indicating using the procedural strategy. As the task difficulty increased, brain activity in the left inferior parietal lobule and left angular gyrus became bilateral and more intense, with additional involvement of structures such as the superior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, inferior middle and temporal gyri, as well as the cerebellum, indicating the need for increased neural resources to solve more difficult tasks. Bilateral activity was identified in the insular cortex during the solving of three-digit division tasks, which is associated with various affective and cognitive processes. Many areas underlie mathematical performance in adults which highlight the different systems involved in solving arithmetic problems of varying complexity. Despite similarities in brain activation patterns, behavioral results showed statistically significant differences between arithmetic operations. The results of the study add to existing knowledge on neuromaping of math cognition.

Была проведена функциональная магнитно-резонансная томография (фМРТ) во время устного вычисления задач на арифметические операции с тремя уровнями сложности. Во время решения задач с использованием вычитания, умножения и деления на легком уровне была обнаружена активность мозга в левой нижней теменной дольке и левой угловой извилине, которая может отражать извлечение информации из долговременной памяти; также в левой нижней лобной извилине – для задач с использованием деления, что является признаком применения процедурной стратегии. С повышением уровня сложности задачи активность мозга в левой нижней теменной дольке и левой угловой извилине становилась билатеральной и более интенсивной, дополнительно стали вовлечены такие структуры, как верхняя лобная извилина, дополнительная двигательная зона, нижняя средняя и височная извилины, а также мозжечок, что свидетельствует о необходимости увеличения нейронных ресурсов для решения более сложных задач. При решении задач на трехзначное деление выявлена билатеральная активность в островковой коре, которую связывают со всеми видами аффективных и когнитивных процессов. Выявленные области активаций мозга подчеркивают различные системы, задействованные в решении арифметических задач разной степени сложности. Несмотря на сходства в паттернах активации мозга, поведенческие результаты показали статистически значимые различия между арифметическими операциями. Данное исследование способствовало нейрокартированию математических процессов у здоровых взрослых в стереотаксических координатах.

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