I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityI.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityЖурнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова0044-46773034-5316The Russian Academy of Sciences68502910.31857/S0044467725030066ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАResearch ArticleNeural correlates of the implicit component of attitudes in the context of vaccine information perception: fixation-related potentialНейрофизиологические корреляты эффекта предвзятости подтверждения на примере восприятия информации о вакцинации: данные вызванных потенциалов, связанных с фиксацией взгляда (ПСФ/FRP)ArtemenkoE. D.АртеменкоЕ. Д.
Russian Federation

Social & Cognitive Informatics lab

Лаборатория социальной и когнитивной информатики

nekrasovaed@gmail.comYatsenkoM. V.ЯценкоМ. В.
Russian Federation

Social & Cognitive Informatics lab

Лаборатория социальной и когнитивной информатики

nekrasovaed@gmail.comPopovaS. M.ПоповаС. М.
Russian Federation

Social & Cognitive Informatics lab

Лаборатория социальной и когнитивной информатики

nekrasovaed@gmail.comLikhanovM. A.ЛихановМ. А.
Russian Federation

Social & Cognitive Informatics lab

Лаборатория социальной и когнитивной информатики

nekrasovaed@gmail.comBrakI. V.БракИ. В.
Russian Federation
nekrasovaed@gmail.comHSE UniversityНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»Altai State UniversityАлтайский государственный университетRUDN UniversityРоссийский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса ЛумумбыNovosibirsk State UniversityНовосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет1505202575334135417062025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/685029

The study examines the neurophysiological correlates of confirmation bias in the context of vaccination using fixation-related potentials (FRPs). A methodological approach integrating eye tracking and electroencephalography (EEG) was employed in a laboratory experiment, enabling the synchronization of eye movement data with the brain’s bioelectrical activity. Participants read texts about vaccination containing positive, negative, and neutral statements, while their reactions were recorded under conditions of congruence and incongruence between the valence of the text and the implicit component of their attitude, measured via the Implicit Association Test. The findings revealed significant differences in neurophysiological responses, including increased potential amplitudes in incongruent conditions for the P200, P300, N350, and N400 components. These responses indicate the activation of selective attention and enhanced perceptual stimulus processing (P200), reallocation of attentional resources and the emergence of cognitive dissonance (P300), emotional categorization (N350), and semantic, including valence-related, mismatch processing (N400). The results underscore the high sensitivity of FRP methods to the cognitive and emotional aspects of information perception. The proposed methodological approach enhances the ecological validity of the study, offering promising opportunities for investigating implicit cognitive processes in naturalistic text perception settings.

Исследование посвящено изучению нейрофизиологических коррелятов предвзятости подтверждения отношения к вакцинации с использованием данных вызванных потенциалов, связанных с фиксацией взгляда (fixation related potential). В рамках лабораторного эксперимента был применен методологический подход интеграции айтрекинга и электроэнцефалографии (ЭЭГ), что позволило синхронизировать данные о движении глаз с биоэлектрической активностью мозга. Участникам, обладавшим выраженным позитивным или негативным отношением к вакцинации от COVID-19, предлагалось читать тексты о вакцинации, содержащие позитивные, негативные и нейтральные утверждения, при этом регистрировались их реакции в условиях конгруэнтности и неконгруэнтности валентности текста имплицитному компоненту отношения, измеренного при помощи теста имплицитных ассоциаций (implicit association test). Результаты исследования продемонстрировали значимые различия в нейрофизиологических ответах, включая усиление амплитуд вызванного потенциала в неконгруэнтных условиях для компонентов P200, P300, N350 и N400. Характер ответа указывает на активацию избирательного внимания и усиленную перцептивную обработку стимулов (Р200), перераспределение ресурсов внимания и формирование когнитивного диссонанса (Р300), эмоциональную категоризацию (N350) и семантическое, в том числе валентное, рассогласование (N400). Полученные результаты подчеркивают высокую чувствительность метода выявления потенциала, связанного с фиксацией взгляда, к когнитивным и эмоциональным аспектам восприятия информации. Предлагаемый в исследовании методологический подход увеличивает экологическую валидность исследования, открывая перспективы для изучения имплицитных когнитивных процессов в естественных условиях восприятия текста.

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