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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0044-4677</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5316</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">692567</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0044467725050072</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ: &#13;
ВОСПРИЯТИЕ ВНЕШНИХ СТИМУЛОВ, ДВИГАТЕЛЬНАЯ &#13;
АКТИВНОСТЬ, ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ПАМЯТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ: ВОСПРИЯТИЕ ВНЕШНИХ СТИМУЛОВ, ДВИГАТЕЛЬНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ, ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ПАМЯТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Combined Effect of High-Fat Diet and Chronic Sleep Restriction on Neurophysiological Parameters of Wistar Rats</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сочетанное влияние высокожировой диеты и хронического недосыпания на нейрофизиологические показатели крыс Wistar</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzeev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гузеев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>miguz85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapshina</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапшина</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>miguz85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Derkach</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деркач</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>miguz85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpakov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпаков</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>miguz85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ekimova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Екимова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>miguz85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>75</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 75, NO5 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 75, №5 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>586</fpage><lpage>596</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-08"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/692567">https://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/692567</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Epidemiological studies have identified a functional bidirectional relationship between chronic sleep loss and the development of obesity. However, it remains unclear whether these factors amplify the damaging effects of each other on neurophysiological functions. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of high-fat diet (HFD) and chronic sleep restriction (SR) on sleep characteristics and destructive changes in the locus coeruleus in male Wistar rats. Consumption of HFD for 10 weeks did not lead to changes in the organization of the wake-sleep cycle compared to control animals receiving standard dry chow (SD). However, during SR in a polyphasic regimen of 3 h of wakefulness and 1 h of sleep opportunity using a rocking platform for 5 days, the compensatory increase in slow-wave activity in response to lost sleep was less pronounced in rats on HFD during one-hour rest periods than in rats on SD. During the recovery period, a decrease in the amount of deep slow-wave sleep (SWS) in both groups was detected. However, after 14 days, this parameter reached the baseline level in the rats on SD, whereas this did not occur in the rats on HFD. It was found that SR was accompanied by neuronal death in the locus coeruleus, and the combination of HFD and SR augmented neurodegeneration. Thus, we demonstrated for the first time that chronic SR and HFD leads to pronounced disturbances in the homeostatic mechanisms of SWS regulation and subsequent deterioration of sleep quality, which could be a consequence of progressive dysfunction of the noradrenergic system of the locus coeruleus. The identification of the mutual negative influence of HFD and SR on sleep neurophysiology can be considered as a new risk factor for the development of metabolic diseases and other disorders of CNS functions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Эпидемиологические исследования выявили функциональную двунаправленную взаимосвязь между хроническим недосыпанием и развитием ожирения. Однако остается неясным, могут ли эти факторы усиливать повреждающее действие друг друга на нейрофизиологические функции. Целью данного исследования явилось изучение сочетанного влияния высокожировой диеты (ВЖД) и хронического недосыпания на характеристики сна и деструктивные изменения в голубом пятне у самцов крыс Wistar. Установлено, что употребление ВЖД в течение 10 недель не приводило к изменению в организации цикла “бодрствование–сон” по сравнению с контрольными животными, получавшими стандартный корм (СК). Однако при ограничении сна (ОС) в полифазном режиме 3 ч бодрствования и 1 ч возможности сна с помощью качающейся платформы в течение 5 дней у крыс на ВЖД во время одночасовых периодов отдыха компенсаторное повышение медленноволновой активности в ответ на потерянный сон было менее выраженным, чем у крыс на СК. В восстановительный период выявлено уменьшение представленности глубокого медленноволнового сна (МВС) в обеих группах, однако через 14 дней этот показатель достигал исходного уровня у крыс на СК, тогда как у крыс на ВЖД этого не происходило. Установлено, что ОС сопровождалось гибелью нейронов в голубом пятне, а сочетание ВЖД и ОС усиливало нейродегенерацию. Таким образом, нами впервые продемонстрировано, что хроническое ОС при ВЖД приводит к выраженным нарушениям в гомеостатических механизмах регуляции МВС и последующему ухудшению качества сна, что могло быть последствием прогрессирующей дисфункции норадренергической системы голубого пятна.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-fat diet</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>chronic sleep restriction</kwd><kwd>slow-wave sleep</kwd><kwd>locus coeruleus</kwd><kwd>neurodegeneration</kwd><kwd>rat</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокожировая диета</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>хроническое ограничение сна</kwd><kwd>медленноволновой сон</kwd><kwd>голубое пятно</kwd><kwd>нейродегенерация</kwd><kwd>крыса</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось в рамках госзадания Минститута образования Российской Федерации (№ 075-00263-25-00).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Алфёрова В.И., Мустафина С.В. 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