I.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityI.P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous ActivityЖурнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П. Павлова0044-46773034-5316The Russian Academy of Sciences69642310.31857/S0044467725060049ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ (КОГНИТИВНОЙ) ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЧЕЛОВЕКАResearch ArticleAltered Perception of Facial Expression in Girls with Rare Panic AttacksИзмененное восприятие лицевой экспрессии у девушек с редкими паническими атакамиMikhailovaE. S.МихайловаЕ. С.esmikhailova@mail.ruKushnirA. B.КушнирА. Б.esmikhailova@mail.ruGerasimenkoN. Y.ГерасименкоН. Ю.esmikhailova@mail.ruInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the RASИнститут высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАН15112025756VOL 75, NO6 (2025)ТОМ 75, №6 (2025)70772018112025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://innoscience.ru/0044-4677/article/view/696423

In the study behavioral and neurophysiological indices of processing emotional facial expressions of anger, fear, joy, surprise, disgust and sadness in girls with single panic attacks (PA) and girls without panic attacks (norm), all the students of the medical university, were compared. In the PA group, facial expressions of anger and fear were recognized with an increased reaction time compared to joyful ones; in the norm group, differences associated with the type of expression were absent. Compared with the norm, in PA, a clear increase in the amplitude of the occipital components P100 and P200 to emotional faces was recorded, indicating increased exogenous attention to the facial emotions, with a more pronounced response to anger compared to other emotional expressions. An increase in the amplitudes of the P100 and P200 components in the ERP of the temporal regions in PA indicates increased activity of the limbic formations, which also leads to increased ascending attention to facial expression. In the frontal cortex, in PA the amplitude of the ERP components is increased, that is combined with signs of insensitivity of the early negativity of N90 to the type of emotional expressions. The results indicate an altered state of the attention network and limbic-prefrontal complex in a nonclinical group of girls with isolated panic attacks.

В работе сопоставляли поведенческие и нейрофизиологические показатели обработки лицевой экспрессии гнева, страха, радости, удивления, отвращения и печали у девушек – студенток медицинского университета – с единичными паническими атаками (ПА) и девушек без панических приступов (норма). В группе ПА лицевые выражения гнева и страха распознавались с увеличенным временем реакции по сравнению с радостным; в группе нормы различия, связанные с типом экспрессии, отсутствовали. По сравнению с нормой при ПА регистрировали отчетливое увеличение амплитуды затылочных компонентов P100 и Р200 на лицевой паттерн более значимое для экспрессии гнева и страха, что свидетельствует об усилении экзогенного внимания к этой категории внешних сигналов. Более высокая амплитуда компонентов Р100 и Р200 в связанных с событиями потенциалах (ССП) височных областей при ПА свидетельствует об усилении активности лимбических образований и, как следствие, восходящего внимания к лицевой экспрессии. Более высокая амплитуда ССП фронтальных отделов коры у девушек с ПА сочетается с признаками нечувствительности ранней негативности N90 к типу эмоциональной мимики. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют об измененном состоянии сети внимания и лимбико-префронтального комплекса в неклинической группе девушек с единичными паническими атаками.

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