<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наука и инновации в медицине</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2500-1388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-754X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">FSBEI of Higher Education SamSMU of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">117506</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35693/2500-1388-2023-8-2-83-86</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Human Anatomy</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Анатомия человека</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The age-related dynamics of brain stem volume in women</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возрастная динамика параметров объема ствола мозга у женщин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-8380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balandin</surname><given-names>Anatolii A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баландин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor of the Department of normal, topographic and clinical anatomy, operative surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры нормальной, топографической и клинической анатомии, оперативной хирургии</p></bio><email>balandinnauka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-9066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balandina</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баландина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor of the Department of normal, topographic and clinical anatomy, operative surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры нормальной, топографической и клинической анатомии, оперативной хирургии</p></bio><email>balandina_ia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-7264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurushbaeva</surname><given-names>Guzel' S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрушбаева</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>a coordinator of the Department of normal, topographic and clinical anatomy, operative surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>методист кафедры нормальной, топографической и клинической анатомии, оперативной хирургии</p></bio><email>guzel.yurushbaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-13"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-01-09"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Balandin A.A., Balandina I.A., Yurushbaeva G.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Баландин А.А., Баландина И.А., Юрушбаева Г.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balandin A.A., Balandina I.A., Yurushbaeva G.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баландин А.А., Баландина И.А., Юрушбаева Г.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/117506">https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/117506</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim</bold> – to study the dynamics of brain stem volumetric parameters in women from the early adulthood period to the middle old age according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>The material for the study was the MRI data of 94 female patients. The MRI was prescribed to exclude a probable pathology of the central nervous system in these patients. All the subjects gave their consent to participate in the study. The study sample included individuals without pathology of central and peripheral nervous system, with absence of alcohol or drug addiction, with skulls of average shape – mesocranes. The cranial index was calculated according to the protruding extreme points on the axial section in 3D reconstruction mode. The subjects were divided into four groups according to selected age periods. The first group consisted of 25 women of the early adulthood (21-35 years); the second group included 25 women of the middle and late adulthood (36-55 years); the third group included 23 early old age women (56-74 years); the fourth group consisted of 21 middle old age women (75-88 years).</p> <p><bold>Results</bold>. The brain stem volume in women decreased by 1.21% (t=3.84; p&lt;0.01) during the whole period of adulthood and by 0.82% (t=2.32; p&lt;0.01) from the late adulthood to early old age. From early old age to middle old age, there was only a tendency for volume to decrease by 0.83% (t=1.75; p&gt;0.05). In early adulthood period women, the brain stem volume was 2.8% higher than in middle old age women (t=6.47; p&lt;0.01).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The results of intravital comparative analysis of the brain stem volume in women of the adulthood period, early and middle old age contribute to the knowledge about its relation to age and sex parameters and can be used in further morphofunctional studies and in clinical practice in gerontology, neurology and rehabilitation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель</bold> – изучить динамику параметров объема ствола мозга женщин от первого периода зрелого возраста до старческого возраста по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Работа основана на анализе результатов магнитно-резонансно-томографического исследования 94 пациенток. Все обследуемые дали согласие на исследование, которое проводилось только по показаниям для исключения вероятной патологии центральной нервной системы. В выборку исследования вошли лица без патологии центральной и периферической нервной системы, с отсутствием алкогольной или наркотической зависимости, с черепами средней формы – мезокраны. Головной указатель рассчитывали по выступающим крайним точкам на аксиальном срезе в режиме реконструкции 3D. Обследуемых разделили на четыре группы в соответствии с возрастной периодизацией. Первая группа – 25 женщин первого периода зрелого возраста (21–35 лет); вторая группа – 25 женщин второго периода зрелого возраста (36–55 лет); третья группа – 23 женщины пожилого возраста (56–74 лет); четвертая группа – 21 женщина старческого возраста (75–88 лет).</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Объем ствола мозга у женщин от первого ко второму периоду зрелого возраста уменьшается на 1,21% (t=3,84; p&lt;0,01), от второго периода зрелого возраста к пожилому возрасту – на 0,82% (t=2,32; p&lt;0,01). От пожилого возраста к старческому отмечается лишь тенденция к уменьшению объема на 0,83% (t=1,75; p&gt;0,05). У женщин первого периода зрелого возраста показатели объема ствола мозга преобладают в сравнении с женщинами старческого возраста на 2,8% (t=6,47; p&lt;0,01).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Результаты прижизненного сравнительного анализа объема ствола мозга у женщин в первом и втором периодах зрелого возраста, пожилом и старческом возрасте дополняют сведения о его возрастных и половых особенностях, а также могут быть использованы в дальнейших морфофункциональных исследованиях и в клинической практике в сфере геронтологии, неврологии и реабилитации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain stem</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>old age</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ствол мозга</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>старческий возраст</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Xunjie C, Yang Y, David CS, et al. Population ageing and mortality during 1990–2017: A global decomposition analysis. PLoS Med. 2020;17(6):e1003138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003138</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Garbade SF, Boy N, Heringer J, et al. Age-Related Changes and Reference Values of Bicaudate Ratio and Sagittal Brainstem Diameters on MRI. Neuropediatrics. 2018;49(4):269-275. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1660475</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Balandin AA, Balandina IA, Pankratov MK. Effectiveness of treatment of elderly patients with traumatic brain injury complicated by subdural hematoma. Advances in gerontology. 2021;34(3):461-465. (In Russ.). [Баландин А.А., Баландина И.А., Панкратов М.К. Эффективность лечения пациентов пожилого возраста с черепно-мозговой травмой, осложненной субдуральной гематомой. Успехи геронтологии. 2021;34(3):461-465]. doi: 10.34922/AE.2021.34.3.017</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Volobuev AN, Romanchuk PI. On one feature of the diagnosis of "primary arterial hypertension" in older age groups. Science and innovation in medicine. 2020;5(3):148-153. (In Russ.). [Волобуев А.Н., Романчук П.И. Об одной особенности постановки диагноза «первичная артериальная гипертония» у старших возрастных групп. Наука и инновации в медицине. 2020;5(3):148-153]. doi: 10.35693/2500-1388-2020-5-3-148-153</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Vladimirova TYu, Ajzenshtadt LV. Geriatric Health Assessment and Hearing Impairment. Science and innovation in medicine. 2018;3(1):47-50. (In Russ.). [Владимирова Т.Ю., Айзенштадт Л.В. Гериатрическая оценка здоровья и нарушение слуха. Наука и инновации в медицине. 2018;3(1):47-50]. doi: 10.35693/2500-1388-2018-0-1-47-50</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Woods NF, Rillamas-Sun E, Cochrane BB, et al. Aging Well: Observations From the Women’s Health Initiative Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(Suppl 1):S3-S12. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv054</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Jasienska G. Costs of reproduction and ageing in the human female. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2020;375(1811):20190615. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0615</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Gazibara T, Kurtagic I, Kisic-Tepavcevic D, et al. Falls, risk factors and fear of falling among persons older than 65 years of age. Psychogeriatrics. 2017;17(4):215-223. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12217</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Dunietz GL, Swanson LM, Jansen EC, et al. Key insomnia symptoms and incident pain in older adults: direct and mediated pathways through depression and anxiety. Sleep. 2018;41(9):zsy125. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsy125</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Gudkov AB, Dyomin AV. Features of postural balance in elderly and senile men with fear of falling syndrome. Advances in gerontology. 2012;25(1):166-170. (In Russ.). [Гудков А.Б., Демин А.В. Особенности постурального баланса у мужчин пожилого и старческого возраста с синдромом страха падения. Успехи геронтологии. 2012;25(1):166-170].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang Q, Wu Y, Han T, Liu E. Changes in Cognitive Function and Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment of the Elderly in China: 2005–2014. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2019;16(16):2847. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16162847</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Littlejohn EL, Fedorchak S, Boychuk CR. Sex-steroid-dependent plasticity of brain-stem autonomic circuits. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2020;319(1):R60-R68. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00357.2019</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Jean-Xavier C, Perreault MC. Influence of Brain Stem on Axial and Hindlimb Spinal Locomotor Rhythm Generating Circuits of the Neonatal Mouse. Front Neurosci. 2018;12:53. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00053</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Balandina IA, Balandin AA, Balandin VA, Zheleznov LM. Regularities of organometric characteristics of cerebellum in young and old age. Journal of Global Pharma Technology. 2017;9(3):49-53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Mattson MP, Arumugam TV. Hallmarks of Brain Aging: Adaptive and Pathological Modification by Metabolic States. Cell Metab. 2018;27(6):1176-1199. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.05.011</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Jorgensen C, Wang Z. Hormonal Regulation of Mammalian Adult Neurogenesis: A Multifaceted Mechanism. Biomolecules. 2020;10(8):1151. doi: 10.3390/biom10081151</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Balandin AA, Zheleznov LM, Balandina IA. Comparative immunohistochemical characteristics of the glioarchitectonics of the thalamus of a young and senile person. Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology. 2021;10(4):14-18. (In Russ.). [Баландин А.А., Железнов Л.М., Баландина И.А. Сравнительная иммуногистохимическая характеристика глиоархитектоники таламуса человека молодого и старческого возраста. Журнал анатомии и гистопатологии. 2021;10(4):14-18]. doi: 10.18499/2225-7357-2021-10-4-14-18</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Jiang L, Jordyn AR, Liying G, et al. Dynamic and Sex-Specific Changes in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuron Activity and Excitability in a Mouse Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. eNeuro. 2018; 5(5): ENEURO.0273-18.2018. doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0273-18.2018</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Long KLP, Breton JM, Barraza MK, et al. Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis I: Effects across the Lifespan. Biomolecules. 2021;11(2):283. doi: 10.3390/biom11020283</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Velez MP, Alvarado BE, Rosendaal N, et al. Age at natural menopause and physical functioning in postmenopausal women: the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Menopause. 2019;26(9):958-965. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001362</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Cornil CA, Ball GF, Balthazart J. Functional significance of the rapid regulation of brain estrogens: Where do the estrogens come from? Brain Res. 2006;1126(1):2-26. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.098</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
