Science and Innovations in MedicineScience and Innovations in MedicineНаука и инновации в медицине2500-13882618-754XFSBEI of Higher Education SamSMU of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation2152810.35693/2500-1388-2016-0-3-11-27ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleBRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE FOR THE AUGMENTATION OF BRAIN FUNCTIONSНЕЙРОКОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ ИНТЕРФЕЙСЫ ДЛЯ РАСШИРЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИЙ МОЗГАLebedevM AЛебедевМ А

PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Senior Research Scientist, Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center (Durham, North Carolina, USA).

lebedev@neuro.duke.eduDuke University (Durham, North Carolina, USA)Университет Дьюка (Дарем, Северная Каролина, США)1509201613NO3 (2016)№3 (2016)112710032020Copyright ©; 2016, Lebedev M.A.Copyright ©; 2016, Лебедев М.А.2016Lebedev M.A.Лебедев М.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/21528

Brain-computer interface (BCI) connects the nervous system departments with external devices for the purpose of recovery of motor and sensory functions of patients with neurological lesions. Over the past half-century BCI have gone from initial ideas to the high-tech modern incarnations. This development contributed significantly to the invasive techniques of multichannel registration activity of neuronal ensembles. Modern BCI are able to manage mechanical prosthetic arms and legs. Furthermore, BCI can provide sensory feedback, allowing the user to feel the movement of the prosthesis and its interaction with external objects. Latest BCI connect multiple users to the brain network. In this review, these achievements are dealt with a focus on invasive BCI.

Нейрокомпьютерные интерфейсы (НКИ) соединяют отделы нервной системы с внешними устройствами с целью восстановления моторных и сенсорных функций больных с неврологическими поражениями. За последние 50 лет НКИ прошли путь от первоначальных идей до высокотехнологических современных воплощений. Этому развитию в значительной мере способствовали методики многоканальной инвазивной регистрации активности нейронных ансамблей. Современные НКИ способны управлять механическими протезами рук и ног. Более того, НКИ могут обеспечивать сенсорную обратную связь, позволяющую пользователю ощущать движения протеза и его взаимодействие с внешними предметами. Новейшие НКИ соединяют несколько пользователей в мозгосеть. В настоящем обзоре эти достижения разбираются с акцентом на инвазивные НКИ.

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