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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наука и инновации в медицине</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2500-1388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-754X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">FSBEI of Higher Education SamSMU of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">627523</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35693/SIM627523</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Neurology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Неврология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Carotid stenosis as a risk factor for ischemic stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Каротидный стеноз как фактор риска развития ишемического инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-461X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poverennova</surname><given-names>Irina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Повереннова</surname><given-names>Ирина Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>i.e.poverennova@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1081-7140</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>Anastasiya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>Анастасия С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>a postgraduate student of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>edition@innoscience.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1709-6195</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>Александр В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor, Head of the Neurosciences Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, директор НИИ нейронаук</p></bio><email>a.v.zaharov@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7670-6566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirolapov</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широлапов</surname><given-names>Игорь В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate professor, Head of the Laboratory of Translational Research and Personalized Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией трансляционных исследований и персонализированной медицины</p></bio><email>i.v.shirolapov@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2851-8672</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>Tatyana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Татьяна В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>t.v.romanova@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-546X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananeva</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьева</surname><given-names>Светлана А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>s.a.ananeva@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0926-8551</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>Mariya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>Мария С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor, Leading specialist in the Neurosciences Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент, ведущий специалист НИИ нейронаук</p></bio><email>m.s.sergeeva@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3522-6803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanchuk</surname><given-names>Natalya P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романчук</surname><given-names>Наталья П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor, Leading specialist in the Neurosciences Research Institute</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, ведущий специалист НИИ нейронаук</p></bio><email>n.p.romanchuk@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5113-4760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khan</surname><given-names>Azizuddin</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хан</surname><given-names>Азизуддин</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor of the Psychophysiology Laboratory Department of Humanities and Social Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор лаборатории психофизиологии факультета гуманитарных и социальных наук</p></bio><email>khanaziz@iitb.ac.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Indian Institute of Technology Bombay</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Индийский технологический институт Бомбея</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Poverennova I.E., Tkachenko A.S., Zakharov A.V., Shirolapov I.V., Romanova T.V., Ananeva S.A., Sergeeva M.S., Romanchuk N.P., Khan A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Повереннова И.Е., Ткаченко А.С., Захаров А.В., Широлапов И.В., Романова Т.В., Ананьева С.А., Сергеева М.С., Романчук Н.П., Хан А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Poverennova I.E., Tkachenko A.S., Zakharov A.V., Shirolapov I.V., Romanova T.V., Ananeva S.A., Sergeeva M.S., Romanchuk N.P., Khan A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Повереннова И.Е., Ткаченко А.С., Захаров А.В., Широлапов И.В., Романова Т.В., Ананьева С.А., Сергеева М.С., Романчук Н.П., Хан А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/627523">https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/627523</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim</bold> – to analyze the effect of carotid stenosis of varying severity in combination with other factors on the risks of primary and recurrent ischemic stroke, using methods of mathematical regression analysis.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods.</bold> The study included 606 patients, examined by a neurologist, contrast-enhanced CT scan of the brain, ultrasound of the vessels of the head and neck, other tests and instrumental studies. The degree of carotid stenosis was assessed using the NASCET method (stenosis 0-49%, 50-69%, 70% or more). For the purpose of mathematical analysis, patients were divided into 3 comparison groups: those without a history of stroke, patients with a single stroke, and a group of patients with two or more ischemic strokes. In patients with a history of stroke, the size of the ischemic lesion was assessed according to CT data, the severity of neurological deficit according to the NIHSS scale and the recovery degree, and the functional outcome of ischemic stroke (Rankin scale, Rivermead index). The study used logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between the dependent variable (presence of primary or recurrent stroke) and a set of predictors, which were a number of clinical and instrumental indicators.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The presence of carotid stenosis of 50-69%, when combined with pathology of the cardiovascular system, acts as a factor that significantly increases the risk of developing primary ischemic stroke. Stenosis exceeding 70% has a high level of significance in the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke, this fact should be taken into account for secondary prevention of stroke.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> A preliminary assessment and analysis of carotid stenosis degree and other comorbid factors co-influencing the risks of primary and recurrent ischemic stroke has an undoubted potential. This approach can reduce the risk of recurrent vascular accidents and help organizing a personalized approach to surgical treatment of patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель </bold>– проанализировать влияние каротидного стеноза различной степени выраженности в сочетании с другими факторами на риски возникновения первичного и повторного ишемического инсульта, с применением методов математического регрессионного анализа.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Обследованы 606 пациентов (осмотр невролога, КТ головного мозга с контрастным усилением, УЗИ сосудов головы и шеи, иные анализы и инструментальные исследования). Степень каротидного стеноза оценивалась по методике NASCET (стенотическое поражение 0–49%, 50–69%, 70% и более). В целях математического анализа пациенты были разделены на 3 группы сравнения: не имеющие инсульт в анамнезе; пациенты с единственным инсультом; с двумя и более ишемическими инсультами. При наличии инсульта в анамнезе оценивались размер очага ишемии по данным КТ, выраженность неврологического дефицита по шкале NIHSS и степень его восстановления, функциональный исход ишемического инсульта (шкала Рэнкина, индекс Ривермид). В исследовании применен логистический регрессионный анализ для оценки взаимосвязи между зависимой переменной (наличие первичного или повторного инсульта) и набором предикторов, в качестве которых выступал комплекс клинических и инструментальных данных.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Наличие каротидного стеноза 50–69% при сочетании с патологией со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы выступает в качестве фактора, существенно повышающего риски развития первичного ишемического инсульта. Превышение величины стенотического поражения более 70% имеет высокий уровень значимости в вероятности возникновения повторного ишемического инсульта, что необходимо учитывать в качестве вторичной профилактики инсульта.</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>Предварительная оценка и анализ степени каротидного стеноза и других коморбидных факторов, в совокупности влияющих на риски развития первичного и повторного ишемического инсульта, имеют несомненный потенциал для снижения вероятности возникновения повторных сосудистых катастроф и организации персонализированного подхода к хирургическому лечению пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carotid stenosis</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>regression analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>каротидный стеноз</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>регрессионный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Stakhovskaya LV. 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