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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наука и инновации в медицине</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2500-1388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-754X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">FSBEI of Higher Education SamSMU of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">629862</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35693/SIM629862</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Neurology</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Неврология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of single nucleotide variants of folate cycle genes of a mother with epilepsy in the occurrence of congenital malformations of the fetus</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль однонуклеотидных вариантов генов фолатного цикла матери с эпилепсией в формировании врожденных пороков развития плода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7996-5213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakunina</surname><given-names>Albina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якунина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor of the Department of neurology and neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>a.v.yakunina@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9678-6719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Usoltseva</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усольцева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant of the Department of medical genetics and clinical neurophysiology of the Institute of Postgraduate Education</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры медицинской генетики и нейрофизиологии ИПО</p></bio><email>a.usoltseva@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-8324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD, Professor of the Department of neurology and neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>v.a.kalinin@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-461X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poverennova</surname><given-names>Irina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Повереннова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD, Professor, Head of the Department of neurology and neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой неврологии и нейрохирургии</p></bio><email>i.e.poverennova@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-511X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myakisheva</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мякишева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD, Head of the Department of general and molecular biology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой общей и молекулярной биологии</p></bio><email>yu.v.myakisheva@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-08-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>291</fpage><lpage>296</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-02"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-16"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Yakunina A.V., Usoltseva A.A., Kalinin V.A., Poverennova I.E., Myakisheva Y.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Якунина А.В., Усольцева А.А., Калинин В.А., Повереннова И.Е., Мякишева Ю.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakunina A.V., Usoltseva A.A., Kalinin V.A., Poverennova I.E., Myakisheva Y.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якунина А.В., Усольцева А.А., Калинин В.А., Повереннова И.Е., Мякишева Ю.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/629862">https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/629862</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim</bold> – to study the frequency of single-nucleotide variants (SNV) rs1801133 and rs1801131 of the <italic>MTHFR</italic> gene; rs1801394 of the <italic>MTRR</italic> gene, rs1805087 of the <italic>MTR </italic>gene and rs1051266 of the <italic>SLC19A1</italic> gene in women with epilepsy and to evaluate their associations with major congenital malformations (MCM) of the fetus.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods.</bold> The study included 61 women with epilepsy who have children: 20 had different fetal MCM (main group), 41 patients had children born without MCM (comparison group). DNA was extracted from blood, and the genotyping of five SNVs into four genes was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles in the mothers of the main and the comparison group were determined, the differences were assessed using Pearson's chi-squared criterion (χ<sup>2</sup>) and Fisher's exact criterion.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>There were no statistically significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles for all analyzed SNVs between the main group and the comparison group. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of SNV of the studied genes of the folate cycle in mothers of children with malformations (n = 14) and without malformations (n = 22), taking valproic acid. A statistically significant relationship was revealed between the carrier of a certain haplogroup of the mother and the formation of fetal MCM.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The MCM in a child is a multifactorial phenomenon in which genetic factors with a small effect size can play a significant role only in the case of certain unfavorable combinations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель</bold> – изучить частоту носительства однонуклеотидных вариантов (ОНВ) rs1801133 и rs1801131 гена <italic>MTHFR</italic>; rs1801394 гена <italic>MTRR</italic>, rs1805087 гена <italic>MTR</italic> и rs1051266 гена <italic>SLC19A1</italic> у женщин с эпилепсией и оценить их ассоциации с врожденными пороками развития (ВПР) плода.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>В исследование была включена 61 больная эпилепсией, имеющая в анамнезе одну и более беременность с известным исходом по наличию ВПР у ребенка. Пациентки были разделены на две группы: у 20 были зарегистрированы различные ВПР плода (основная группа), у 41 пациентки рожденные дети не имели ВПР (группа сравнения). ДНК была выделена из крови, генотипирование пяти ОНВ в четырех генах было проведено методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Были определены частоты генотипов и аллелей у матерей основной группы и группы сравнения, различия были оценены с помощью критерия хи-квадрат Пирсона (χ2) и точного критерия Фишера.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Статистически значимые различия отсутствовали в частотах генотипов и аллелей для всех проанализированных ОНВ между основной группой и группой сравнения (р &gt; 0,05). Не было выявлено статистически значимых различий в частотах генотипов и аллелей ОНВ исследованных генов у матерей детей с ВПР (n = 14) и без ВПР (n = 22), принимающих вальпроевую кислоту (р &gt; 0,05). Выявлена статистически значимая взаимосвязь между носительством определенной гаплогруппы матери и формированием ВПР плода.</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>Исследования носительства отдельных ОНВ генов фолатного цикла в настоящее время не могут быть использованы в качестве достоверного прогностического инструмента ВПР плода у женщин с эпилепсией. Возникновение ВПР у ребенка является мультифакториальным явлением, в котором генетические факторы с небольшим размером эффекта могут играть роль только в случае определенных неблагоприятных комбинаций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>folate cycle genes</kwd><kwd>single nucleotide variant</kwd><kwd>epilepsy</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>congenital malformation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гены фолатного цикла</kwd><kwd>однонуклеотидный вариант</kwd><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>врожденный порок развития</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Karlov VA, Vlasov PN, Petrukhin VA, et al. Chapter 32. Female epilepsy. In: Epilepsy in children and adults females and males. Physicians’ manual. M., 2019:672-691. (In Russ.). [Карлов В.А., Власов П.Н., Петрухин В.А., Жидкова И.А., Адамян Л.В. Глава 32. Эпилепсия у женщин. 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