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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наука и инновации в медицине</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2500-1388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-754X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">FSBEI of Higher Education SamSMU of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">698688</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35693/SIM698688</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Oncology and radiotherapy</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Онкология, лучевая терапия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnostic value of blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностическая ценность биомаркеров крови для диагностики рака легкого</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-2197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilenkova</surname><given-names>Аngelina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиленкова</surname><given-names>Ангелина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher at the Institute of Personalized Oncology of the Biomedical Science and Technology Park</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник Института персонализированной онкологии Научно-технологического парка биомедицины</p></bio><email>av.zhilenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-5334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronova</surname><given-names>Veronika М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Pharmacy), Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. фарм. наук, научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>veronikavoronova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1684-8781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Еkaterina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Senior Researcher at the Institute of Personalized Oncology of the Biomedical Science and Technology Park</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник Института персонализированной онкологии Научно-технологического парка биомедицины</p></bio><email>orlovaderm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0222-2910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Istranov</surname><given-names>Аndrei L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Истранов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Reconstructive Surgery at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры онкологии, радиотерапии и реконструктивной хирургии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского</p></bio><email>istranov_a_l@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-7094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sekacheva</surname><given-names>Мarina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Секачева</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate professor, Head of the Institute of Personalized Oncology of the Biomedical Science and Technology Park</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент, директор Института персонализированной онкологии Научно-технологического парка биомедицины</p></bio><email>sekach_rab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M&amp;S Decisions LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Эм Энд Эс Десижанс»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-01-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Zhilenkova А.V., Voronova V.М., Orlova Е.V., Istranov А.L., Sekacheva М.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Жиленкова А.В., Воронова В.М., Орлова Е.В., Истранов А.Л., Секачева М.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhilenkova А.V., Voronova V.М., Orlova Е.V., Istranov А.L., Sekacheva М.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жиленкова А.В., Воронова В.М., Орлова Е.В., Истранов А.Л., Секачева М.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/698688">https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/698688</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim:</bold> to evaluate the diagnostic value of 20 biomarkers in lung cancer and to determine their informative value for potential use in clinical practice.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods.</bold> The study included 85 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 190 healthy volunteers. Biomarker levels were measured using modern immunological and biochemical methods. Statistical analysis included the Mann–Whitney U test, and diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). For markers showing an inverse association, an additional ROC analysis was performed with inversion of the outcome variable. Optimal biomarker cut-off values were determined using the Youden’s index.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Patients with NSCLC demonstrated statistically significant changes in the concentrations of most of the studied biomarkers after strict Bonferroni correction. Increased levels of CEA, CA 125, HE4, B2M, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), D-dimer, CYFRA 21-1, and LRG-1 were observed, along with decreased levels of ApoA1, ApoA2, TTR, ApoA4, RANTES, and VEGFR1. The highest AUC values were shown by HE4 (0.903), ApoA2 (0.860), CYFRA 21-1 (0.836), ApoA1 (0.795), D-dimer (0.793), TTR (0.790), ApoA4 (0.784), B2M (0.765), and LRG-1 (0.757).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Certain blood biomarkers demonstrate high AUC values, indicating their potential utility for the diagnosis of NSCLC. The combined use of multiple biomarkers may improve the effectiveness of minimally invasive lung cancer diagnostics, which warrants further investigation. Validation of these findings in multicenter studies is required.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель: </bold>оценить диагностическую ценность 20 биомаркеров при раке легкого и определить их информативность для возможного использования в клинической практике.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>В исследование были включены 85 пациентов с немелкоклеточным раком легкого (НМРЛ) и 190 здоровых добровольцев. Уровни биомаркеров определялись современными иммунологическими и биохимическими методами. Статистическая обработка включала U-критерий Манна – Уитни, а диагностическая ценность оценивалась по площади под ROC-кривой (AUC). Для оценки информативности маркеров с обратной ассоциацией проведен дополнительный ROC-анализ с инверсией переменной состояния. Определены пороговые значения биомаркеров с использованием индекса Юдена.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>У пациентов с НМРЛ отмечены статистически значимые изменения концентраций большинства исследованных биомаркеров с учетом строгой поправки Бонферрони: повышение уровней CEA, CA 125, HE4, B2M, вчСРБ, D-димер, CYFRA 21-1, LRG-1, а также снижение ApoA1, ApoA2, TTR, ApoA4, RANTES и VEGFR1. Наибольшие значения площади под кривой показали HE4 (0,903), ApoA2 (0,86), CYFRA 21-1 (0,836), ApoA1 (0,795), D-димер (0,793), TTR (0,79), ApoA4 (0,784), B2M (0,765), LRG1 (0,757).</p> <p><bold>Выводы. </bold>Отдельные биомаркеры крови демонстрируют высокие значения площади под кривой, что указывает на потенциал их применения с целью диагностики НМРЛ. Комплексное использование биомаркеров может повысить эффективность малоинвазивной диагностики рака легкого, что требует дальнейшего исследования. Для подтверждения полученных данных требуется валидация в многоцентровых исследованиях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung cancer</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>HE4</kwd><kwd>CYFRA 21-1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак легкого</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>HE4</kwd><kwd>CYFRA 21-1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Zhou J, Xu Y, Liu J, et al. Global burden of lung cancer in 2022 and projections to 2050: incidence and mortality estimates from GLOBOCAN. Cancer Epidemiol. 2024;93:102693. DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102693</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Molina JR, Yang P, Cassivi SD, et al. Non-small cell lung cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83(5):584-594. 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