<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Science and Innovations in Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наука и инновации в медицине</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2500-1388</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-754X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">FSBEI of Higher Education SamSMU of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">71355</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35693/2500-1388-2021-6-3-56-62</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Traumatology and Orthopedics</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Травматология и ортопедия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Structural changes of the tendon in experimental tendinopathy and administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Структурные изменения сухожилия при экспериментальной тендинопатии и введении аутологичной обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-0570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malanin</surname><given-names>Dmitrii А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маланин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Traumatology, orthopedics and MFS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой травматологии, ортопедии и ВПХ</p></bio><email>malanin67@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-0329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogova</surname><given-names>Lyudmila N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогова</surname><given-names>Людмила Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathophysiology, clinical pathophysiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой патофизиологии, клинической патофизиологии</p></bio><email>rogova.ln@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7707-6754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Наталья Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor of the Department of Pathological anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры патологической анатомии</p></bio><email>ngrigorievavsmu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-1441</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ekova</surname><given-names>Mariya R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Экова</surname><given-names>Мария Рафаэлевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant of the Department of Pathological anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии</p></bio><email>maria.ekova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0910-5584</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Povetkina</surname><given-names>Victoriya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поветкина</surname><given-names>Виктория Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Assistant of the Department of Pathophysiology, clinical pathophysiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры патофизиологии, клинической патофизиологии</p></bio><email>vnpovetkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8095-022X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Laskov</surname><given-names>Ilya G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ласков</surname><given-names>Илья Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>external PhD student, Department of Traumatology, orthopedics and MFS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>внешний соискатель кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и ВПХ</p></bio><email>laskov.ilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1797-2431</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demeschenko</surname><given-names>Maksim V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демещенко</surname><given-names>Максим Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant of the Department of Traumatology, orthopedics and MFS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и ВПХ</p></bio><email>demmax34@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7375-5365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suchilin</surname><given-names>Ilya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сучилин</surname><given-names>Илья Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate professor, Department of Traumatology, orthopedics and MFS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и ВПХ</p></bio><email>omnio@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1705-8244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronina</surname><given-names>Aleksandra V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронина</surname><given-names>Александра Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>external PhD student of the Department of Pathophysiology, clinical pathophysiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>внешний соискатель кафедры патофизиологии, клинической патофизиологии</p></bio><email>ms.xxzz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Volgograd Medical Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ «Волгоградский медицинский научный центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-06-07"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-08-24"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Malanin D.А., Rogova L.N., Grigorieva N.V., Ekova M.R., Povetkina V.N., Laskov I.G., Demeschenko M.V., Suchilin I.A., Voronina A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Маланин Д.А., Рогова Л.Н., Григорьева Н.В., Экова М.Р., Поветкина В.Н., Ласков И.Г., Демещенко М.В., Сучилин И.А., Воронина А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malanin D.А., Rogova L.N., Grigorieva N.V., Ekova M.R., Povetkina V.N., Laskov I.G., Demeschenko M.V., Suchilin I.A., Voronina A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маланин Д.А., Рогова Л.Н., Григорьева Н.В., Экова М.Р., Поветкина В.Н., Ласков И.Г., Демещенко М.В., Сучилин И.А., Воронина А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/71355">https://innoscience.ru/2500-1388/article/view/71355</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objectives</bold> – assessment of structural changes in the calcaneal tendon tissue in experimental tendinopathy under autologous platelet-rich plasma.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods.</bold> Twenty mature Wistar rats, selected for the study, were divided into 5 groups. Rats of all groups received intra- and peritendinous injections of 0.5 ml of 10% sterile talc suspension to provide the experimental modeling of tendinopathy of the calcaneal tendon. Then the tendinopathy area was treated by injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a hyaluronic acid preparation "Rusvisk" (Rusvisk, Russia) and their sequential combination. The results were evaluated after 10 weeks in the autopsy preparations using a light microscopy method and morphometry.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>The histological signs characteristic of tendinopathy were revealed, such as the disorganization of collagen structures, mucoid and lipoid degeneration, neovascularization, lymphoid and histiocytic infiltration. The injection of PRP, hyaluronic acid, or their sequential combination in the area of simulated tendinopathy led to changes in the histological presentation of the tissue. As a result, the collagen matrix had less signs of disorganization and less pronounced degenerative changes, as well as manifestations of the inflammatory process in the peritenon and the soft tissues surrounding the tendon, in comparison with the histological profile, which was observed in micropreparations in animals with tendinopathy who had no treatment.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>The introduction of PRP into the area of the calcaneal tendon has reduced the manifestations of the inflammatory process, disorganization of the collagen matrix, promoted the enhancement of collagen synthesis by cells and, ultimately, the processes of tissue remodeling.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель </bold>– оценить структурные изменения ткани пяточного сухожилия в условиях экспериментальной тендинопатии под влиянием аутологичной обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмы.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Исследование проводилось на 20 половозрелых крысах линии Wistar, разделенных на 5 групп. Во всех группах выполнялось экспериментальное моделирование тендинопатии пяточного сухожилия путем внутри- и околосухожильного введения 0,5 мл 10% суспензии стерильного талька. Далее в область тендинопатии вводили аутологичную обогащенную тромбоцитами плазму (ОТП), препарат гиалуроновой кислоты «Русвиск» (Россия) или их последовательное сочетание. Результаты исследования оценивали через 10 недель, аутопсийные препараты изучали с помощью световой микроскопии и морфометрии.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Были выявлены характерные для тендинопатии гистологические признаки: дезорганизация коллагеновых структур, мукоидная и липоидная дегенерация, неоваскуляризация, лимфоидно-гистиоцитарная инфильтрация. Инъекционное введение в область смоделированной тендинопатии ОТП, ГК или их последовательного сочетания между собой приводило к изменениям гистологической картины ткани. В результате коллагеновый матрикс имел меньшие признаки дезорганизации и менее выраженные дегенеративные изменения, равно как и проявления воспалительного процесса в перитеноне и окружающих сухожилие мягких тканях по сравнению с гистологическим профилем, наблюдавшимся в микропрепаратах у животных с тендинопатией, которым никаких манипуляций не выполняли.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Введение ОТП в область пяточного сухожилия в условиях экспериментальной тендинопатии уменьшало проявления воспалительного процесса, дезорганизации коллагенового матрикса, способствовало усилению синтеза коллагена клетками и в конечном итоге процессов ремоделирования ткани.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tendinopathy</kwd><kwd>tendinitis</kwd><kwd>tendinosis</kwd><kwd>hyaluronic acid</kwd><kwd>platelet-rich plasma</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тендинопатия</kwd><kwd>тендинит</kwd><kwd>тендиноз</kwd><kwd>гиалуроновая кислота</kwd><kwd>обогащенная тромбоцитами плазма</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chisari E, Rehak L, Khan W, et al. Tendon healing in presence of chronic low-level inflammation: a systematic review. Br Med Bull. 2019;132(1):97-116. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldz035</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Millar N, Murrell G, McInnes I. Inflammatory mechanisms in tendinopathy – towards translation. Nature reviews rheumatology. 2017;13(2):110-122. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.213</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Snedeker J, Foolen J. Tendon injury and repair – A perspective on the basic mechanisms of tendon disease and future clinical therapy. Acta Biomater. 2017;63:18-36. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.032</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Riley G, Curry V, DeGroot J, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase activities and their relationship with collagen remodelling in tendon pathology. Matrix Biology. 2002;21(2):185-195. doi: 10.1016/s0945-053x(01)00196-2</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Sharma P, Maffulli N. Biology of tendon injury: healing, modeling and remodeling. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2006;6(2):181-190.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Werner R, Franzblau A, Gell N, et al. A longitudinal study of industrial and clerical workers: predictors of upper extremity tendonitis. J Occup Rehabil. 2005;15(1):37-46. doi: 10.1007/s10926-005-0872-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Yuan J, Wang M, Murrell G. Cell death and tendinopathy. Clin Sports Med. 2003;22(4):693-701. doi: 10.1016/s0278-5919(03)00049-8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Khan K, Cook J, Bonar F, et al. Histopathology of common tendinopathies. Sports Medicine. 1999;27(6):393-408. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199927060-00004</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Maffulli N, Wong J, Almekinders L. Types and epidemiology of tendinopathy. Clin Sports Med. 2003;22(4):675-692. doi: 10.1016/s0278-5919(03)00004-8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Lipman K, Wang C, Ting K, et al. Tendinopathy: injury, repair, and current exploration. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018;Volume 12:591-603. doi: 10.2147/dddt.s154660</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Kaux JF, Forthomme B, Goff CL, et al. Current opinions on tendinopathy. J Sports Sci Med. 2011;10(2):238-253.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Malanin D, Norkin A, Tregubov A, et al. PRP-therapy for tendinopathies of rotator cuff and long head of biceps. Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia. 2019;25(3):57-66. (In Russ.). [Маланин Д.A., Норкин А.И., Трегубов А.С. с соавт. Применение PRP-терапии при тендинопатиях вращательной манжеты и длинной головки двуглавой мышцы плеча. Травматология и ортопедия России. 2019;25(3):57-66]. doi: 10.21823/2311-2905-2019-25-3-57-66</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Centeno C, Pastoriza S. Past, current and future interventional orthobiologics techniques and how they relate to regenerative rehabilitation: a clinical commentary. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2020;15(2):301-325. doi: 10.26603/ijspt20200301</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Dolkart O, Chechik O, Zarfati Y, et al. A single dose of platelet-rich plasma improves the organization and strength of a surgically repaired rotator cuff tendon in rats. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2014;134(9):1271-1277. doi: 10.1007/s00402-014-2026-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Foster T, Puskas B, Mandelbaum B, Gerhardt M, Rodeo S. Platelet-Rich Plasma. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(11):2259-2272. doi: 10.1177/0363546509349921</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Tsikopoulos K, Tsikopoulos I, Simeonidis E, et al. The clinical impact of platelet-rich plasma on tendinopathy compared to placebo or dry needling injections: A meta-analysis. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2016;17:87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2015.06.003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Demkin SA, Malanin DA, Rogova LN, et al. An experimental study of the use of intraarticular platelet-rich autoplasma therapy in rats with knee osteoarthritis. Volgograd journal of medical research. 2016;1:28-32. (In Russ.). [Демкин С.А., Маланин Д.А., Рогова Л.Н. и др. Экспериментальная модель остеоартроза коленного сустава у крыс на фоне внутрисуставного введения обогащенной тромбоцитами аутологичной плазмы. Волгоградский научно-медицинский журнал. 2016;1:28-32].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Bestwick C, Maffulli N. Reactive oxygen species and tendon problems: Review and hypothesis. Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review. 2000;8(1):616.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Lavagnino M, Wall M, Little D, et al. Tendon mechanobiology: current knowledge and future research opportunities. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2015;33(6):813-822. doi: 10.1002/jor.22871</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Sundman E, Cole B, Karas V, et al. The anti-inflammatory and matrix restorative mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma in osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med. 2013;42(1):35-41. doi: 10.1177/0363546513507766</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang J, Wang J. Platelet-rich plasma releasate promotes differentiation of tendon stem cells into active tenocytes. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38(12):2477-2486. doi: 10.1177/0363546510376750</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Altman R, Bedi A, Manjoo A, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of intra-articular hyaluronic acid: a systematic review. Cartilage. 2018;10(1):43-52. doi: 10.1177/1947603517749919</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Litwiniuk M, Krejner A, Speyrer MS, et al. Hyaluronic acid in inflammation and tissue regeneration. Wounds. 2016;28(3):78-88. PMID: 26978861</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
