Vol 7, No 2 (2022)

Aim – assessment of sanitary and hygienic conditions in the classrooms of a sports university.

Material and methods. The following parameters were measured and analyzed: temperature, relative humidity, air velocity in 12 classrooms, 6 lecture halls and 3 sports halls. The national standards GOST 30494-2011 and Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.1.2.3304-15 were applied for the assessment of the environmental parameters during an academic day in the cold and warm seasons.

Results. In the cold season, the temperature within the standard limits was registered only in 6.89 ± 0.84% of classrooms, in 18.10 ± 1.53% of lecture halls and in 9.17 ± 1.32% of the sports halls. In warm season, the excess of air temperature above acceptable values was more often observed in sports halls (81.25 ± 1.78% of samples). The increase in the average air temperature by the end of the school day in the cold period was 11.67 ± 0.44% in classrooms and 10.69 ± 0.54% in lecture halls, in the warm season the increase was 7.5 ± 0.88% and 11.11 ± 0.5%, respectively. The values of relative humidity in the warm period of the year were 43.89 ± 2.33% for classrooms, 44.33 ± 2.39% for lecture halls, and 43.98 ± 2.61% for sports halls. In the cold season, the relative air humidity was significantly lower than optimal values: on average, in the classrooms it did not exceed 12.98 ± 1.91%, in lecture rooms – 14.94 ± 2.39%, in sports halls – 17.29 ± 4.22%.

Conclusion. The study results dictate the need to strengthen continuous monitoring of microclimate parameters of educational spaces in a sports university, regular ventilation, adjustment of air conditioning systems for "heating" or "cooling" mode and their timely maintenance.

The article presents the analysis of scientific databases eLIBRARY, PubMed, Scopus on the topic of COVID-19 adverse outcomes and the treatment methods for their prevention.

The post-COVID-19 syndrome is a pathological condition that includes persistent physical, medical and cognitive consequences of a new coronavirus disease, including persistent immunosuppression, as well as fibrosis of the lungs, heart and blood vessels. The morphological basis of acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19 is severe diffuse alveolar damage characterized by hypoxemia, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and decreased lung compliance. A promising domestic drug, the use of which can reduce the risk of developing irreversible fibrotic changes in the lung tissue, is Longidaza.

Aim – to study the development of ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with extrasystoles (ES), depending on the moment of ES ventricular systole occurrence in cardiocycle.

Material and methods. The study group included 440 patients with ES ≥ 700 per day; the control group consisted of 88 patients with ES < 700 per day. The following instrumental and laboratory methods were used: echocardiography, Doppler ultrasound of brachiocephalic arteries, 24-hours ECG monitoring, digital sphygmography of common carotid arteries; CT or MRI of the brain; lipid spectrum. The study group was divided into two subgroups according to the moment of ES ventricular systole occurrence in cardiocycle, regardless of ectopia: subgroup 1 – 120 patients with ES before the transmitral blood flow peak; subgroup 2 – 320 patients with ES after the transmitral blood flow peak. We analyzed the development of stroke or TIA during 1 year.

Results. For most parameters, subgroups 1, 2 and the control group were identical. The important differences were registered in the hemodynamic and kinetic parameters of common carotid arteries. The earlier the ES ventricular systole occurred in cardiocycle, the higher increase of the parameters was observed. During one year of follow-up, stroke and TIA occurred more frequently in subgroup 1.

Conclusion. ES is an additional risk factor for stroke. The most dangerous is ES with ventricular systole occurrence before transmitral blood flow peak. The wave of the 1st post-extrasystolic contraction causes additional trauma of arterial wall and can become a key factor for instability of atherosclerotic plaques with their defragmentation, embolism and stroke.

Aim – to study the features of the diastolic function of the left ventricle, taking into account the gynecological history in women of perimenopausal age.

Material and methods. A single-stage cross-sectional study included 75 women aged 45 to 55 years. All women were examined, their anamnesis, including gynecological, was taken and gynecological status was established. Relying on echocardiography data, the women were divided into a group with normal left ventricular diastolic function and a group with diastolic dysfunction. Lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone were evaluated in all women.

Results. Study showed that women with detected type 1 diastolic dysfunction were older than women with normal diastolic heart function. In women with diastolic dysfunction, hypertension and negative metabolic indicators were more common; they were characterized by a greater number of pregnancies and abortions, if compared to women with unchanged heart function, in addition, they were more likely to be in early menopause.

Conclusion. Diastolic dysfunction is widespread in perimenopausal women, which is not always explained by traditional risk factors. There is a relationship between gynecological history and the development of diastolic dysfunction, but the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this process in women remain unclear.

The article provides a review of legislative acts, scientific articles, conference papers devoted to the problems of clinical use of telemedicine counseling. The official regulations of interactive telemedicine, the portals used for this service, formats, modes, payment methods were in the focus of our research. We analysed several examples of the telehealth services provided in the Russian Federation and abroad. Thus, we managed to identify the factors that, according to expert opinion, limit the widespread implementation of telemedicine counseling in clinical practice. We also gave general evaluation of the prospects of using an endocrinologist's workstation for consulting outpatients with diabetes mellitus for remote "doctor – patient" interaction and for clinical case teleconferences, as well as for integration of the formalized protocol, lying in the software basis, into fully functional medical and administrative information systems existing in the medical institution. A short example of the 3-year regular use of a workstation for admission of outpatients with diabetes mellitus in a city polyclinic illustrates the advantages of this method.

Aim – to develop a new method of endonasal augmentation of the alveolar process of the upper jaw to reduce postoperative risks.

Material and methods. The study involved 10 patients during the period of December, 2019, and June, 2021. The examination methods were: computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses, upper and lower jaw, and video-endoscopy of the nasal cavity. The patients received the indonasal sinus inlay with the use of allogenic bone chips.

Results. The surgical access through the lower nasal passage, under the lower nasal concha, allows to expose the maxillary sinus floor with preservation of mucous membrane integrity and to fill in the space between them with the allogenic bone material. Formation of a bone window in the lateral nasal wall using a piezotome prevents the rupture of the sinus mucous membrane. A bony fragment of the lateral nasal cavity wall transferred into the cavity of the maxillary sinus as one block with the mucosa creates additional protection for the Schneiderian membrane. Allogenic material introduced by endonasal method is substituted by the own organotypic tissue, restoring the lost volume of the maxillary sinus alveolar process.

Conclusion. The endonasal method of alveolar augmentation may be used in clinical practice as an alternative to the classic methods.

Planovalgus foot deformity is one of the most common orthopedic conditions detected in childhood. According to the literature, it is present in 70% of children under 11 years with various degree of severity. Without timely correction, the common complications of this deformity are: arthrosis of the talonavicular joint, valgus deformity of the knee joints, impaired posture and functional scoliosis, pain syndrome, impaired function of the lower extremities, which is an indication for surgical treatment of this pathology.

The article presents a clinical case report of surgical treatment of a patient with severe planovalgus foot deformity. The main stages of surgical correction were tendon-muscle plasty, subtalar arthroeresis and Cotton osteotomy (wedging osteotomy of the medial sphenoid bone).

Relying on the results of surgical treatment of the patient, we conclude that the use of the combination of methods is valid for the treatment of patients with severe planovalgus foot deformity.